Bicuspid Aortic Valve

A bicuspid aortic valve occurs when the aortic valve only has two cusps instead of three. In and of itself, a bicuspid aortic valve usually is not a problem. It's recommended that people with a bicuspid aortic valve have regular checkups and certain tests to monitor any progression of the condition. No other treatment is necessary for a bicuspid aortic valve unless symptoms occur.

 
 

Bicuspid Aortic Valve: An Introduction

The aortic valve is on the left side of the heart. It separates the left ventricle and the entrance to the aorta, the artery that carries blood to the body.
 
Valves are like doors that open and close. They open to allow blood into the next chamber of the heart or into one of the arteries, and then they shut to keep blood from flowing backwards.
 
The aortic valve normally has three cusps (leaflets). A bicuspid aortic valve has only two cusps.
 
A bicuspid aortic valve usually functions normally during early life and middle age. But in some cases, young adults will have symptoms due to a thickening of the bicuspid aortic valve; this is called aortic stenosis. Leaking of the aortic valve can also occur; this condition is known as aortic valve regurgitation.
 

Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Statistics

Up to 2 percent of the population is born with a bicuspid aortic valve. It is the most common congenital heart defect seen in the adult population. A bicuspid valve by itself does not cause symptoms.
 

Diagnosing a Bicuspid Aortic Valve

Doctors diagnose a bicuspid aortic valve based on the patient's symptoms (if any), a physical exam, and certain tests and procedures. Tests employed to diagnose a bicuspid aortic valve can include:
 
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Written by/reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD